Homily-4th Sunday of Easter - Rev. Dr. Fr. Patrick Mathias SDB

 





Sunday 21 April 2024 – IV Sunday of Easter (Year B)

Mass Readings: Acts 4:8-12   Ps 117   1 Jn 3:1-2   Jn 10: 11-18

Key Verse:  I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep (Jn 10:11)

Dear Brothers and Sisters in the Risen Lord,

The Fourth Sunday of Easter, which is traditionally celebrated as Good Shepherd Sunday, is also known as Vocations Sunday or the World Day of Prayer for Vocations. Firstly, the fourth Sunday of Easter is dedicated to the Good Shepherd by ancient liturgical tradition. In the Gospel passage of this Sunday, we are presented the figure of the good shepherd who gives his life for his flock. No image of Christ has ever been dearer to the hearts of Christians than that of Jesus the Good Shepherd. Since the first centuries, the Lord has been represented carrying a sheep on his shoulders, which, in its expressiveness, recalls the parable of the lost sheep (Lk 15:5). This image draws its strength precisely from the Gospel according to John in the tenth chapter, of which today's passage is a part.

Secondly, each year, the World Day of Prayer for Vocations invites us to reflect on the precious gift of the Lord’s call to each of us to proclaim the gospel of joy with great commitment. It is in discovering our vocation in the Lord and then responding to that call that we discover the surest way to fulfil our deepest desire for happiness. This is also reflected in the theme chosen by the Holy Father for this Vocations Sunday 2024: “Called to sow seeds of hope and to build peace.” Pope Francis, in his message for this day, says that we are pilgrims because we have been called: called to love God and to love one another. In our pilgrimage on this earth each day, by responding to God’s call, we try to take every step needed to advance towards a new world where people can live in peace, justice, and love.

First Reading: After the resurrection and the Pentecost event (Acts 2:1f), we see the apostles as brave and great witnesses of the resurrection. The first reading is the aftermath of the episode of the healing of a lame man by Peter (Acts 3:1f). They were questioned regarding their act of preaching on account of the concrete miracle that had taken place. What is the source of their healing – What power or name did they use for their healing? And Peter, filled with the Holy Spirit, does two things: first, he proclaims in all boldness that God raised up Jesus of Nazareth from the dead, whom they crucified (Acts 4:10); and secondly, Peter tells them that it is by the power of the name of Jesus that they preach, and it is by the same name that the lame man was healed, as salvation resides in this name alone.

Second Reading: In the Second reading, St. John eloquently reminds us of the profound truth that we are indeed children of God. God's boundless love is vividly demonstrated in His act of making us His children, a truth that John emphatically underscores as our destined identity, the children of God (1 Jn 3:1). This divine expression of love, affirming our status as His beloved offspring, holds the transformative power to align us with His divine essence in His presence. The children of God are not merely recipients of His love but are also imbued with His likeness, undergoing a profound metamorphosis in His image and semblance. As His cherished children, we are bestowed with the grace to radiate His holiness. Genesis 1:27a vividly recalls the creation of the first man in the image and likeness of God, a reflection of our inherent connection with the divine. Furthermore, the scripture verse in John 3:3 poignantly speaks of the rebirth and renewal experienced by those who embrace the resurrection, being recreated in grace and revitalized in the Spirit.

Gospel Reading - Jesus Assumes the Role of a Protector: The passage from the Gospel of John that we have heard today is the second part of Jesus’ long discourse on the Good Shepherd, in which he speaks of himself as a shepherd (Jn 10:1-18). Jesus says, "I am the good shepherd; The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep" (Jn 10:11). After saying this, Jesus brings the comparison with the mercenary and the real shepherd. The mercenary is a shepherd for a wage, for a trade, but basically has no interest in the sheep: "The hired hand, who is not the shepherd and does not own the sheep, sees the wolf coming and leaves the sheep and runs away-- and the wolf snatches them and scatters them. The hired hand runs away because a hired hand does not care for the sheep" (Jn 10:12-13). These words became concrete when Jesus, freely obeying the will of the Father, accepts to die on the cross. From here, we understand well what it means to be the good shepherd! Jesus gave his life for me, for you, and for everyone! The bad shepherd about whom Jesus makes a reference in today’s gospel thinks of himself and exploits the sheep; instead, the good shepherd thinks of the sheep and gives himself. Jesus is our good shepherd.

 The “I am” Statements: The list of Jesus’ seven “I Am” statements in the book of John: "I am the bread of life” (Jn 6:35. 41. 48. 51); “I am the light of the world” (Jn 8:12); “I am the door of the sheep” (Jn 10:7. 9); “I am the resurrection and the life” (Jn 11:25); “I am the good shepherd” (Jn 10:11. 14); “I am the way, the truth, and the life” (Jn 14:6); “I am the true vine.” (Jn 15:1. 5). When in the Gospel of John there is the affirmation of Jesus with the words “I am,” we understand it to be a profound theological declaration, where Jesus affirms his divine condition, his identity with the Father who revealed his name to Moses from the bush (Exodus 3:14). We are, therefore, in the sphere of revelation, of the manifestation of the lordship of Jesus in the image of the shepherd. Ezekiel had prophesied a new David, the only shepherd (Ezek 34:23; 37:24), in the perspective of the restoration of the unity of Israel and the regrouping of the dispersed into a single people (Ezek 37:22).

Good Shepherd - Goodness and Beauty Combined: In the phrase "good Shepherd," Jesus doesn't mean "good" in the sense of being patient and gentle with sheep and lambs. In John 10:12-13, the contrast is clearly made between Jesus and the employed watchers of the sheep, or hired hands (Jn 10:12), those who take care of the sheep merely in return for monetary compensation (Jn 10:13). So the term ‘kalos’ in these verses takes on the implications of “authentic” or “genuine.” Jesus is the good shepherd, the real one, the authentic one. Not a hired shepherd, but the one, the only one, who puts his life on the line like John the Baptist for saving the lost sheep.

In the phrase “I am the Good Shepherd” (ὁ καλός. ὁ ποιμήν), the Greek word 'kalos' (“good”) is used to describe the role of Jesus in the context of his self-giving (laying down his life, 10:11, 15, 17-18) and implies much more than the general meaning ascribed to the word by the philosophers, such as “beautiful,” “good,” “useful.” Therefore, the Greek word, ‘kalos’, could also be rendered as ‘I am the beautiful (handsome) shepherd’. Therefore, the Greek term ‘kalos’ (καλός), which more than offering the meaning of ‘good,’ offers the hint of beauty; the two sensations, good and beautiful, intersect and are linked in a single word that expresses the quality of God's work (Gen 1:4). Because this is what the goodness and beauty of the shepherd refer to, the work of God shines in and through Jesus (Jn 10:25). And we understand that Jesus’ beauty lies not in his appearance, but in his beautiful relationship with the flock, expressed in verbs like "I offer!", "I lay down," "I know," "I give." The wonderful meaning of this phrase "I lay down my life" goes beyond mere pasture and water, more than grass and a safe sheepfold. The shepherd is true because he performs the most real and powerful gesture: giving, offering, and throwing his life for the life of the sheep.

I Know My Sheep:  In this short section of the Gospel, Jesus affirms several times: "I lay down (give) my life for the sheep, and I know my sheep and they have the possibility of knowing me." We can compare this knowledge of the shepherd to the knowledge of Jesus with the Father: "I am the good shepherd. I know my own and my own know me, just as the Father knows me and I know the Father. And I lay down my life for the sheep" (Jn 10:14-15; see also 10:30). Jesus’ statement in these two verses (Jn 10:14-15) focuses on relationships. The good shepherd’s relationship with his sheep is based on their interpersonal knowledge of each other (Jn 10:14). Jesus’ knowledge of the sheep here is more than mere cognitive knowledge. And this life-giving relationship between Jesus and his sheep at the deeper level is modelled on the relationship between Jesus and the Father (Jn 10:15).

I Lay Down My Life: Jesus then expresses the longing of his heart that drives him to go and look for many other sheep because his too must lead. The image that the fourth Gospel gives us is that of men and peoples, disciples and communities, believers and churches who will listen to his voice, realizing in him a communion so lively as to recognize themselves in one flock. God is love, God is father, and Jesus affirms: "For this reason, the Father loves me, because I lay down my life in order to take it up again. No one takes it from me, but I lay it down of my own accord. I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it up again. I have received this command from my Father" (Jn 10:17-18). How did Jesus give his life? He offered, he gave his life to him in every moment of his existence, in particular in his continuous search for the poor, the sick, the sinners. But he gave his life especially on the cross when he loved with his whole self, the whole of humanity.

Jesus Our Model: Jesus becomes our model in giving oneself totally to God and to his people. He teaches us to give life; he teaches us that the true way to realize our life is to offer it as love to others. We can often ask ourselves: "What is the meaning of my life? How do I use it? How do I spend it? Do I remain only interested in myself? In a form of individualism, indifference, resignation in the face of so many events that happen in the world, how do I find myself and how do I move in the consumeristic society? Do I feel I have a role?" Jesus is the agent of wholeness, of eternal life, of secure pasture, and of release from the realm of darkness. May we find solace in the arms of this Good Shepherd. Let us always remember that for us, the sheep, our support comes only from the good shepherd.

The Imagery of Good Shepherd: Model of Leadership?

To conclude, we need to ask a simple question: Why this Imagery of the Good Shepherd? The image of the shepherd is an extremely important biblical picture of a “leader” (Num 27:17) because it implies not only an intensely personal relationship between God’s people and their leaders, but also a style or model of leadership exemplified by Jesus (Mk 6:34). The very word “leadership” is developed from the shepherd imagery, where the shepherd goes before the flock and encounters the problems of the flock first. The good shepherd, unlike a general in the army or even a police officer in the state, does not issue commands and stay at home; but rather, He is the shepherd who knows the setting, leads the sheep, and they follow him (Jn 10:4). Sometimes, “leaders” of today’s context are like the strangers of this text, whose voices are unknown to the sheep, and they wonder why there are problems in their organizations (Jn 10:5). Now, in the Christian community, a good shepherd or a Leader is the one who knows how to put himself/herself at the service of others generously, with love, in an active way, giving witness to the faith, and spending oneself for the evangelization of society.

Points for Personal Reflection

Today is the World Day of Prayer for vocations. Let’s all pray for vocations and as well as pray for our good shepherds, that they too may be filled with the generosity of heart to give themselves in loving service following the good example of the Good Shepherd.

What is my knowledge of the Good Shepherd? Do I know the Shepherd? It is worth knowing Christ who loves us in such an extraordinary way as St. Paul says: More than that, I count all things to be loss in view of the surpassing value of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord, for whom I have suffered the loss of all things, and count them but rubbish in order that I may gain Christ (Phil 3:8). As a Priest/pastor, do I know my sheep? How do I give myself to the sheep? In what way can the Good Shepherd of Psalm 23 enlighten me about the presence of the shepherd in my life?

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